1. Core Functional Principle
A brass angle valve operates as a manual shut-off valve, controlling water flow through a quarter-turn (90°) or multi-turn mechanism. Its primary function is to:
- Start/stop water flow to downstream fixtures (e.g., sinks, toilets).
- Regulate flow rate (in multi-turn designs).
- Isolate sections of plumbing for maintenance.
2. Internal Components & Operation
2.1 Brass Angle Valve Ball Valve Mechanism (Quarter-Turn Type)
- Ball with Bore: A chrome-plated brass ball with a drilled hole rotates inside the valve body.
- Open Position (0°): Bore aligns with pipe, allowing full flow.
- Closed Position (90°): Bore turns perpendicular, blocking flow completely.
- Stem & Handle Connection: Turning the handle rotates the stem, which moves the ball.
- Seals: PTFE (Teflon) seats ensure a watertight closure.
2.2 Multi-Turn (Gate/Globe-Type)
- Stem & Washer Assembly: A threaded stem lowers a rubber/EPDM washer onto a brass seat.
- Open: Stem retracts, lifting washer off the seat.
- Closed: Stem compresses washer, creating a seal.
- Gradual Flow Control: Suitable for throttling applications.
3. Flow Path & Pressure Handling
- Angled Design: Redirects water flow 90° with minimal turbulence.
- Pressure Drop: Lower than gate valves due to streamlined bore (Cv ~ 5–15, depending on size).
- Burst Pressure: Typically 50–100 bar (tested per ISO 5208).
4. Key Operational Features
| Feature | Quarter-Turn | Multi-Turn |
|---|---|---|
| Speed | Instant shut-off | Slower, precise control |
| Durability | Fewer moving parts | Washer wear over time |
| Maintenance | Minimal | Washer replacement needed |
| Leak Risk | Low (if seals intact) | Higher (seat erosion) |
5. Common Failure Modes & Fixes
- Leakage at Stem: Tighten packing nut or replace O-ring.
- Seat Leakage: Replace washer (multi-turn) or entire valve (if pitted).
- Stiff Handle: Lubricate stem with silicone grease (never petroleum-based).
6. Industry Standards for Performance
- Sealing Test: EN 12266-1 (Class A/B leakage rates).
- Cycling Endurance: 10,000+ operations (ISO 9393).
For high-cycle applications (e.g., commercial kitchens), specify full-port brass angle valves to reduce wear.
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